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Cause for Low Res. Pressure in a Main Drain Test?

10/31/2023

11 Comments

 
What would cause a 10% reduction in the full flow residual pressure from the current main drain test, when compared to the original acceptance test or previously performed tests?

If the original acceptance test or previously performed test information is not available, then the residual pressure on the current main drain test must be within 5 PSI of the design/demand pressure.

What would cause a decrease over time?

​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Sent in anonymously for discussion. Click Title to View | Submit Your Question | Subscribe
11 Comments
Pete H
10/31/2023 06:39:49 am

Could be that the water supply got worse, there's an obstruction in the system, there's a forgotten a closed valve (this is one of the more likely options) or some other impairment.

Reply
Glenn Berger
10/31/2023 08:08:07 am

In addition to the statement that Pete made above, pipe deterioration can also have occurred.

Reply
Jesse
10/31/2023 08:11:04 am

I can think of numerous things. Degradation of water supply, a fully or partially closed valve somewhere, a physical obstruction somewhere upstream in the system, or heavier than normal demand on the system.

For what its worth, my money would be on a valve somewhere not fully opened.

Reply
Dave
10/31/2023 10:37:45 am

Agreed, and maybe not as likely, but I've recently had cheap (as well as expensive, certified) gauges go bad. They can even get clogged.

Reply
Jack G
10/31/2023 08:18:31 am

I have run into situations where secondary fire flow pumps automatically set to turn on for a predetermined flow or pressure drop.
The pumps may have come on and the main drain test was taken with the higher pressure so it’s good to check with the water company to see if there are secondary pumps,
( a lot of times those pumps need to be reset manually )

Reply
Tim D
10/31/2023 08:25:35 am

The way we approach this is we perform a hydrant flow test to verify city water supply has not changed. If we get a good test we ask the city to come out and re-core the tap off of the city main. That usually fixes the problem. If that doesn’t work then we go to the time and labor intensive option of replacing the main.

Reply
Eric R
10/31/2023 08:31:38 am

Pete has covered all the potential real causes if an actual degradation has occurred, but the number one reason we see when performing inspections for new customers is simply that previous main drain tests were not done correctly(or at all) and the residual pressure written on the tag was not collected with the main drain full open.

I can't count how many times we've done an inspection for a new customer where the tags hanging on the riser(sometimes going back multiple years) show a residual pressure 20-30psi higher than what we get when we perform the test properly.

Sometime we get lucky and can find a really old tag buried somewhere near the riser that matches our result which helps us rule out an actual degradation, but more often we have to go through a whole heap of work to make sure the water supply isn't deficient.

Oh, and then there is our most recent case where when we took on a new customer and their main drain test clocked in at a whopping 10psi (again with many previous tags showing 60psi) which lead us to discovering a 90% closed curb valve that had been shut about 6 years prior to add on a new lateral for an addition to the building.

So that building had no real protection for the prior 6 years. It was fortunate that we had been brought on by the customer, because 5 months after that initial inspection they had a fire in their warehouse that activated 9 sprinklers.

So yeah, so make sure those main drain tests get done properly!

Reply
Eric R
10/31/2023 08:33:59 am

* "Pete and everyone else have covered all the real causes"
(I really need to work on my typing speed)

Reply
Inspector
10/31/2023 09:50:57 am

Woww!! That is crazy. Thanks so much for sharing. I love to hear success stories. It reminds us that all of the little things we do and enforce really do matter. :)

Reply
Joe link
10/31/2023 10:43:26 am

Thank you very much. This was very helpful.

Reply
Thomas G. Kamprath
11/6/2023 08:24:50 am

It seems from the above comments about tags showing higher main drain test pressures, that many NFPA 25 inspectors are not doing their inspections properly or doing incomplete inspections.

When situations like this are found, shouldn't the contractor that was doing the improper or incomplete inspections be reported to the AHJ? In a worse case scenario, this could cause lives to be lost if the fire protection system does not work as designed.

Reply



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